Bleeding Control
Measures taken to stop bleeding and manage blood loss.
Controlling bleeding is a critical aspect of first aid, as severe blood loss can quickly become life-threatening. Bleeding can be classified into three types: arterial, venous, and capillary. Arterial bleeding is the most serious, characterized by bright red blood that spurts with each heartbeat. Venous bleeding involves dark red blood that flows steadily, while capillary bleeding is a slow oozing of blood from small vessels. The first step in bleeding control is to apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or bandage.
If the bleeding is from a limb and cannot be controlled by direct pressure, an arterial tourniquet may be necessary. The tourniquet should be applied 5-7 cm above the wound and tightened until the bleeding stops, ensuring it is not removed until professional medical help is available. It is crucial to keep the casualty calm and still to prevent further blood loss. Immobilizing the injured part and elevating it above heart level can also help reduce bleeding. For severe cases, immediate medical assistance is required, and the first aider should be prepared to perform CPR if the casualty shows signs of shock or becomes unresponsive.
Apply Direct Pressure: Use a clean cloth or bandage to apply firm pressure to the wound.
Elevate the Injured Area: If possible, elevate the bleeding limb above the level of the heart to reduce blood flow.
Use a Tourniquet: Only as a last resort, apply a tourniquet above the bleeding site.
Seek Medical Help: For severe bleeding, continue to apply pressure and seek urgent medical assistance.
Controlling bleeding is a critical first aid skill that can prevent shock and save lives. Bleeding can be external or internal, with external bleeding being more visible and easier to manage on the spot.
ReferenceFirst BLEEDING CONTROL